Myblog's Blog

Checkbox selection with php and html and a report generation with mysql

naveenbos — Tue, 25 Oct 2011 07:55:21 +0000

SELECTNAMEADDRESSEMAILTELEPHONEPROBLEMREPLYTYPEOTHER

include (“database.php”);

$qry = “Select * from query where $option like ‘%$content%’ and date_problem between ‘$from’ and ‘$to’ “;
$result=mysql_query($qry);

while ($row =mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
$id=$row['id'];
//echo $id;
?>

”;?>

}

?>
in checkbox.php

require(‘mysql_report.php’);

$checkbox = $_GET['checkbox'];
$connection = mysql_connect(“localhost”, “root”, “asdfgh”);
mysql_select_db(“Tree_help”);
//echo “there”;
$sql=”SELECT name,address,email,problem,type,other,reply_query FROM query where”;
//echo “here”;
//echo var_dump($checkbox);

$i = 1;
foreach ($checkbox as $value)
{
if($i {
$sql=$sql.” id = \”".$value.”\” OR”;
$i++;
}
else
{
$sql=$sql.” id = \”".$value.”\”";
}
//echo $value;
//echo $sql;
//$result = mysql_query($sql);
//echo $sql;
//while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result))
//{
//echo $row['name'].”
”;
//}

// close the connection
//}
//mysql_close($connection);

}
//echo $sql;

$pdf = new PDF(‘L’,'pt’,'A4′);
$pdf->SetFont(‘Arial’,”,12);
$pdf->connect(‘localhost’,'root’,'asdfgh’,'Tree_help’);
$attr = array(‘titleFontSize’=>18, ‘titleText’=>’Treehealth Report’);

$qry=$pdf->mysql_report($sql,$dump=false,$attr=array());

$pdf->Output();
//$countCheck = count($_POST['checkbox']);

Previous search in php using sessions

naveenbos — Fri, 08 Jul 2011 06:44:57 +0000

we got the previous searched items from a text area

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5754957/how-to-add-visited-pages-urls-into-a-session-array

Toggle div using CSS and Jquery

naveenbos — Fri, 27 May 2011 08:40:22 +0000

http://www.sohtanaka.com/web-design/easy-toggle-jquery-tutorial/

Toggle div using CSS and Jquery

naveenbos — Fri, 27 May 2011 08:37:26 +0000

http://www.sohtanaka.com/web-design/easy-toggle-jquery-tutorial/

shell

naveenbos — Fri, 30 Apr 2010 06:29:15 +0000

http://zetcode.com/tutorials/pyqt4/

http://www.cahilig.net/2008/07/04/how-setup-lan-dns-server-using-bind9-under-debian-and-ubuntu-linux (for dns server setting)

http://docs.python.org/distutils/setupscript.html

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/PackagingGuide/Python

http://linuxgazette.net/133/cherian.html

http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/servers.html

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Bourne_Shell_Scripting/Redirection

Programing in C (K&R)

shell terminal

Shell in my terminal

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo “$LINES”

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo “$COLUMNS”

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo $PS1

\[\e]0;\u@\h: \w\a\]${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$

FOR getting ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ env

GPG_AGENT_INFO=/tmp/seahorse-auOGIL/S.gpg-agent:2903:1

SHELL=/bin/bash

DESKTOP_STARTUP_ID=

TERM=xterm

GTK_RC_FILES=/etc/gtk/gtkrc:/home/catfoss/.gtkrc-1.2-gnome2

WINDOWID=54549658

USER=catfoss

LS_COLORS=no=00:fi=00:di=01;34:ln=01;36:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:su=37;41:sg=30;43:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.svgz=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.aac=00;36:*.au=00;36:*.flac=00;36:*.mid=00;36:*.midi=00;36:*.mka=00;36:*.mp3=00;36:*.mpc=00;36:*.ogg=00;36:*.ra=00;36:*.wav=00;36:

SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/tmp/keyring-qzx8xA/ssh

GNOME_KEYRING_SOCKET=/tmp/keyring-qzx8xA/socket

SESSION_MANAGER=local/catfoss4:/tmp/.ICE-unix/2848

USERNAME=catfoss

DESKTOP_SESSION=default

PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/games

GDM_XSERVER_LOCATION=local

PWD=/home/catfoss

LANG=en_US.UTF-8

GNOME_KEYRING_PID=2847

GDM_LANG=en_US.UTF-8

GDMSESSION=default

HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth

HOME=/home/catfoss

SHLVL=1

GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID=Default

LOGNAME=catfoss

XDG_DATA_DIRS=/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/:/usr/share/gdm/

DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-pd9mFs3Wzv,guid=b3581362d8a77a956e3b74a74b2854d2

WINDOWPATH=7

DISPLAY=:0.0

COLORTERM=gnome-terminal

XAUTHORITY=/home/catfoss/.Xauthority

_=/usr/bin/env

SHELLsh-3.2$ exit CHANGING

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ sh

sh-3.2$

sh-3.2$ exit

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ naveen=”hai”

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo $naveen

hai

space is used in the shell for command

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ x=10

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo $x

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ xn=Rani

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo $xn

Rani

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ a=5

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ b=6

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo $(($a+$b))

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ x=20

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ y=5

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo $(($x/$y))

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ x=20

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ y=5

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ z=$x/$y

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo $((z))

echo `expr $x + $y`

IF ANY OPERATION IS FAILED WE CAN USE THIS

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ ls

a ch mithun.jpg

aaa.py circle.c naveen.py

aa.py circular1.c naveenpython.odt

a.c circular.c naveen.ui

a.out client pointer.c

a.py client.txt QueueinC Files

arraystruct.c client.txt~ QueueinC.htm

athulya.odt c.py Ramsanwishescopy.jpg

athu.py ctutor-1.pdf r.c

attr.html Desktop rocks.gif

a.txt d.py shell termin.odt

bbb.py EID12copy.jpg sort1.c

b.py EID23copy.jpg stack2

b.pyc EIDMailanchi.jpg struct.c

b.txt EidMubarak890.jpg structu.c

c EssentialC-1.pdf summary Files

cal1.py file: summary.html

cal1.py~ g test1.py

cal1.ui getattr Files test.py

cal3.py getattr.html test.py~

cal3.py~ kernal.odt test.ui

cal3.ui list1.c untitled.ui

cal.py list.c vi.txt

cal.py~ Menus and Toolbars in wxPython z

cal.ui Menus and Toolbars in wxPython Files z.txt

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ rm b.c

rm: cannot remove `b.c’: No such file or directory

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo $?

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ lss

bash: lss: command not found

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo $?

127

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ cp r.c /

cp: cannot create regular file `/r.c’: Permission denied

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo $?

EXAMPLE

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ vim a.sh

echo “your first name please:”

read fname

echo “hello $fname,Lets be a frnd!”

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash a.sh

your first name please:

sah

hello sah,Lets be a frnd!

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo `expr 2 + 3`

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo $(expr 2 + 3)

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ ls *.c

a.c circle.c circular.c list.c r.c struct.c

arraystruct.c circular1.c list1.c pointer.c sort1.c structu.c

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ ls c.*

c.py

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ ls a*.*

aaa.py a.c a.py a.sh athu.py a.txt

aa.py a.out arraystruct.c athulya.odt attr.html

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ ls a*.c

a.c arraystruct.c

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ ls ?.*

a.c a.out a.py a.sh a.txt b.py b.pyc b.txt c.py d.py r.c z.txt

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ ls a*.c

a.c arraystruct.c

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ ls ?.c

a.c r.c

deterministic finite automata

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ ls [a,b]*

a aa.py a.out arraystruct.c athulya.odt attr.html bbb.py b.pyc

aaa.py a.c a.py a.sh athu.py a.txt b.py b.txt

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ cat >test1

/home(then press ctrl+d)catfoss@catfoss4:~$ cat test1

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ sort

bos

navee

bos

navee

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ cat >te

naveen

unnicatfoss@catfoss4:~$ sort

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ sort

naveen

unni

dmesg:for system usage information

tail -n (no.)

tail -n

head -n

SORTING

ps -e | head -16 | tail -15 | sort -k 4 > list

BC arbitrary precision calculator language

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bc

bc 1.06.94

This is free software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.

For details type `warranty’.

3+5

4+2

4==4

4<2>

4!=3

Bitwise and && if two bit are one answer is one

PGM IN SHELL(USING IF ..ELSE)

if [ $1 -eq $2 ]

then

echo “same”

else

if [ $1 -gt $2 ]

then

echo “greater”

else

echo “less”

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ vim fil

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash fil

same

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash fil 3 4

less

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash fil 4 3

greater

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash fil 4 4

same

FOR LOOP

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ for i in 1 2 3 4 5

> do

> echo $i

> done

EX:

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ for (( i=0; i<=5; i++ ))

> do

> echo $i

> done

PGM

for (( i=1; i<=4; i++ ))

for (( j=1; j<=4; j++ ))

echo -n $i

done

echo “”

done

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ vim bn.sh

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash bn.sh

1111

2222

3333

4444

for colour change

atfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo -e “33[43m"

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo -e "33[49m"

WHILE LOOP

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bos=1

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ while [ $bos -lt 10 ]

> do

> echo $bos

> bos=`expr $bos + 1`

> done

STEP WAVE FORM

for (( i = 0; i <= 9; i++ ))

for (( j = 1 ; j <= i; j++ ))

echo -e -n “33[46m "

done

echo -e -n "33[49m"

echo

done

CHESSBOARD

for (( i=1; i<=9; i++ ))

for (( j=1; j<=9; j++ ))

a=`expr $i + $j`

b=`expr $a % 2`

if [ $b -eq 0 ];

then

echo -e -n “33[43m "

else

echo -e -n "33[46m "

done

echo -e -n "33[49m"

echo

done

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ cat > tr

echo $#

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash tr

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash tr 1 2 3 4 5

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash tr 1 2 3 4 5 6

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash tr 1

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash tr 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ if [ -z $linda ]

> then

> echo “null”

> fi

null

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash tr

high level

low level

machine code

microcode

assembly language

c is a middle level language,it can operate both high level and low level languages

CASE CONDITION

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ re=”hello”

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ case $re in

> “world”)echo “1″;;

> “hello”)echo “2″;;

> esac

FUN

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ fun()

> {

> echo “hello”

> cal

> date

> }

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ fun

hello

December 2009

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16 17 18 19

20 21 22 23 24 25 26

27 28 29 30 31

Fri Dec 18 12:14:26 IST 2009

RECURSION

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ fun()

> {

> if [ $var -eq 0 ]

> then

> echo “ok”

> else var=`expr $var – 1`

> echo $var

> fun

> fi

> }

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ var=5

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ fun

FOR DEBUGED OUT PUT

bash -x tr

EX:catfoss@catfoss4:~$ vim tr

var=5

echo $var

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash tr

tr: line 1: var: command not found

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash -x tr

+ var =5

tr: line 1: var: command not found

+ echo

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ vim tr

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash tr

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ bash -x tr

+ var=5

+ echo 5

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ zenity –info –text=”hello world”

zenity is used for user interfaces

ZENITY(1) ZENITY(1)

NAME

zenity – display GTK+ dialogs

SYNOPSIS

zenity [options]

DESCRIPTION

zenity is a program that will display GTK+ dialogs, and return (either

in the return code, or on standard output) the users input. This allows

you to present information, and ask for information from the user, from

all manner of shell scripts.

For example, zenity –question will return either 0 or 1, depending on

whether the user pressed OK or Cancel. zenity –entry will output on

standard output what the user typed into the text entry field.

Comprehensive documentation is available in the GNOME Help Browser,

under GNOME/Utilities.

OPTIONS

This program follows the usual GNU command line syntax, with long

options starting with two dashes (‘-’).

Dialog options

–calendar

Display calendar dialog

–entry

Display text entry dialog

–error

Display error dialog

–file-selection

Display file selection dialog

–info Display info dialog

–list Display list dialog

–notification

Display notification icon

–progress

Display progress indication dialog

–question

Display question dialog

–text-info

Display text information dialog

–warning

Display warning dialog

–scale

Display scale dialog

General options

–title=TITLE

Set the dialog title

–window-icon=ICONPATH

Set the window icon

–width=WIDTH

Set the dialog width

–height=HEIGHT

Set the dialog height

Calendar options

–text=STRING

Set the dialog text

–day=INT

Set the calendar day

–month=INT

Set the calendar month

–year=INT

Set the calendar year

–date-format=PATTERN

Set the format for the returned date

Text entry options

–text=STRING

Set the dialog text

–entry-text=STRING

Set the entry text

–hide-text

Hide the entry text

Error options

–text=STRING

Set the dialog text

–no-wrap

Do not enable text wrapping

File selection options

–filename=FILENAME

Set the filename

–multiple

Allow selection of multiple filenames in file selection dialog

–directory

Activate directory-only selection

–save Activate save mode

–separator=SEPARATOR

Specify separator character when returning multiple filenames

–confirm-overwrite

Confirm file selection if filename already exists

Info options

–text=STRING

Set the dialog text

–no-wrap

Do not enable text wrapping

List options

–text=STRING

Set the dialog text

–column=STRING

Set the column header

–checklist

Use check boxes for first column

–radiolist

Use radio buttons for first column

–separator=STRING

Set output separator character

–multiple

Allow multiple rows to be selected

–editable

Allow changes to text

–print-column=STRING

Specify what column to print to standard output. The default is

to return the first column. ’ALL’ may be used to print all

columns.

–hide-column=NUMBER

Hide a specific column

Notification options

–text=STRING

Set the notification text

–listen

Listen for commands on stdin

Progress options

–text=STRING

Set the dialog text

–percentage=INT

Set initial percentage

–auto-close

Close dialog when 100% has been reached

–auto-kill

Kill parent process if cancel button is pressed

–pulsate

Pulsate progress bar

Question options

–text=STRING

Set the dialog text

–no-wrap

Do not enable text wrapping Text options

–filename=FILENAME

Open file

–editable

Allow changes to text

Warning options

–text=STRING

Set the dialog text

–no-wrap

Do not enable text wrapping

Scale options

–text=STRING

Set the dialog text

–value=VALUE

Set initial value

–min-value=VALUE

Set minimum value

–step=VALUE

Set step size

–print-partial

Print partial values

–hide-value

Hide value

Miscellaneous options

-?, –help

Show summary of options.

–about

Display an about dialog.

–version

Show version of program.

Also the standard GTK+ options are accepted.

USING AWK

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo “1 nav dd”

1 nav dd

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ echo “1 nav dd” | awk ‘{ print $2 }’

nav

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ cat fi

1 asa f 22

2 sds m 44

3 ere f 55

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ vim fi

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘{ if ($1 >23) { print $2 } }’ fi

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ cat fi

1 asa f 22

2 sds m 44

3 ere f 55

4 saj m 22

5 bos m 22

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘{ if ($1 >23) { print $2 } }’ fi

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘{ if ($4 >23) { print $2 } }’ fi

sds

ere

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘{ if ($3 ==m) { print $2 } }’ fi

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘{ if ($3 == “m”) { print $2 } }’ fi

sds

saj

bos

FOR FINDING “A”ONLY

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘ { print $2 } ‘ fi | awk ‘/^a/ { print $1 }’

asa

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ cat file

1 aparna f 21

2 murad m 23

3 unni m 21

4 priya f 24

5 fathima f 22

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘ { print $1 $2}’ file | awk ‘ /.a$/ { print $1 $2 }’1aparna

4priya

5fathima

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘ { print $2 $1}’ file | awk ‘ /^a/ { print $1 $2 }’

aparna1

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘ { print $2 }’ file | awk ‘ /^a/ { print $1 }’

aparna

@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘{ if ($3==”m”) { print $3 $2}}’ file

mmurad

munni

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘ { print $2 }’ file | awk ‘ /^a/ { print $1 }’

aparna

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘ { print $1 $2}’ file | awk ‘ /a[a-z]*a/ { print $1 $2 }’

1aparna

5fathima

EXACTLY 1 A

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘{ if ($3==”m”) { print $2 ” ” $3}}’ file |awk ‘/a+/ { print $1}’

murad

AT LEAST ONE M

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘ { if ($3==”m”) print $1 $2 }’ file | awk ‘ /m/ { print $1 $2 }’

2murad

6mnemeshm

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk ‘ {if ($3 == “m”) { print $2″ “$1 } }’ file | awk ‘ /^[b-z]*a[b-z]* / { print $2″ “$1 }’

2 murad

AWK

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ cat >cod

{

print $2

}

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ cat cod

{

print $2

}

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk -f cod file

aparna

murad

unni

priya

fathima

maaanemeshm

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ cat cod

{

for (i=0;i<10;i++)>

{

print i

}

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk -f cod file

BINARY TO HEX

echo “enter the no”

read n

dec=`echo “obase=10;ibase=2; ” $n |bc`

hex=`echo “obase=16;ibase=2; ” $n |bc`

oct=`echo “obase=8;ibase=2; “$n |bc`

echo “$n is $dec”

echo “$n is $hex”

echo “$n is $oct”

USING AWK BINARY TO HEX CONVERSION

{

alpha=”123456789ABCDEF”

binary=$1

base= $2

decimal=0

print “binary=”$1″, base=”$2

inex=0

if (base != 2 )

{

while ( binary >= 1 )

{

decmal=decmal+((binary % 10) * (2 ^ inex))

binary=int(binary/10)

inex=inex+1

}

if ( base == 10 )

{

print decmal “(base 10)”

}

else if ( base <= 16 )

{

if ( decmal == 0 )

{

print decmal

}

else

{

fin=”"

while ( decmal >= 1 )

{

print decmal

print base

fin=substr(alpha,decmal%base,1) fin

x=decmal % base

print “x”x

decmal=int(decmal/base)

}

print fin “(base”base”)”

}

else

{

print “invalid base”

}

else

{

print binary

}

ANS:

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ awk -f conn dfg

binary=1010, base=10

10(base 10)

binary=1011, base=8

25(base8)

binary=1010, base=16

x10

A(base16)

binary=, base= 0

catfoss@catfoss4:~$ cat /etc/fstab

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

/dev/sda7 / ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1

/dev/sda6 none swap sw 0 0

/dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0

FOR MASH INSTALLATION

fist download the mash version from space-kerala.com,then extract the folder,right click the folder then extract

from the catfoss@catfoss4cd Desktop,cd mash

then type ./configure

then type make

then type cd bin

then ./maash

for adding extra to the file cmds.c type last portion of that our name like

pritntf (stderr ,”\naveen -Display my name .\n”); then save the file

palindrome

for ((k=1;k<5;k++))>

for ((l=5;l>=k;l–))

echo -n ” “

done

for ((m=1;m<=k;m++))

echo -en “$m”

done

for ((n=k-1;n>0;n–))

echo -en “$n”

done

echo ” “

done

ANS

121

12321

1234321

while true

> do

> eject

> sleep 1

> eject -t

> done

Tuesday, February 2, 2010

serveradmn

http://tldp.org/LDP/nag2/x-087-2-appl.remote.html

1. TCPDUMP DOWNLOAD:

To download TCPdump:

#apt-get install tcpdump
To see the TCPdump dependencies:

#apt-cache depends tcpdump
tcpdump
Depends: libc6
Depends: libpcap0.8
Depends: libssl0.9.8

To see the installed TCPdump version:

#apt-cache policy tcpdump
tcpdump:
Installed: 3.9.4-2ubuntu0.1
Candidate: 3.9.4-2ubuntu0.1
Version table:
*** 3.9.4-2ubuntu0.1 0
500 http://security.ubuntu.com dapper-security/main Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
3.9.4-2 0
500 http://ch.archive.ubuntu.com dapper/main Packages

2. TCPDUMP USE

To display the Standard TCPdump output:

#tcpdump
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes

21:57:29.004426 IP 192.168.1.2.1034 > valve-68-142-64-164.phx3.llnw.net.27014: UDP, length 53
21:57:31.228013 arp who-has 192.168.1.2 tell 192.168.1.1
21:57:31.228020 arp reply 192.168.1.2 is-at 00:04:75:22:22:22 (oui Unknown)
21:57:38.035382 IP 192.168.1.2.1034 > valve-68-142-64-164.phx3.llnw.net.27014: UDP, length 53
21:57:38.613206 IP valve-68-142-64-164.phx3.llnw.net.27014 > 192.168.1.2.1034: UDP, length 36

To display the verbose output:

#tcpdump -v
tcpdump: listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes

22:00:11.625995
IP (tos 0×0, ttl 128, id 30917, offset 0, flags [none], proto: UDP
(17), length: 81) 192.168.1.2.1034 >
valve-68-142-64-164.phx3.llnw.net.27014: UDP, length 53
22:00:20.691903
IP (tos 0×0, ttl 128, id 31026, offset 0, flags [none], proto: UDP
(17), length: 81) 192.168.1.2.1034 >
valve-68-142-64-164.phx3.llnw.net.27014: UDP, length 53
22:00:21.230970
IP (tos 0×0, ttl 114, id 4373, offset 0, flags [none], proto: UDP (17),
length: 64) valve-68-142-64-164.phx3.llnw.net.27014 >
192.168.1.2.1034: UDP, length 36
22:00:26.201715 arp who-has 192.168.1.2 tell 192.168.1.1
22:00:26.201726 arp reply 192.168.1.2 is-at 00:04:11:11:11:11 (oui Unknown)
22:00:29.706020
IP (tos 0×0, ttl 128, id 31133, offset 0, flags [none], proto: UDP
(17), length: 81) 192.168.1.2.1034 >
valve-68-142-64-164.phx3.llnw.net.27014: UDP, length 53
22:00:38.751355
IP (tos 0×0, ttl 128, id 31256, offset 0, flags [none], proto: UDP
(17), length: 81) 192.168.1.2.1034 >
valve-68-142-64-164.phx3.llnw.net.27014: UDP, length 53

Network interfaces available for the capture:

#tcpdump -D
1.eth0
2.any (Pseudo-device that captures on all interfaces)
3.lo

To display numerical addresses rather than symbolic (DNS) addresses:

#tcpdump -n
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes

22:02:36.111595 IP 192.168.1.2.1034 > 68.142.64.164.27014: UDP, length 53
22:02:36.669853 IP 68.142.64.164.27014 > 192.168.1.2.1034: UDP, length 36
22:02:41.702977 arp who-has 192.168.1.2 tell 192.168.1.1
22:02:41.702984 arp reply 192.168.1.2 is-at 00:04:11:11:11:11
22:02:45.106515 IP 192.168.1.2.1034 > 68.142.64.164.27014: UDP, length 53
22:02:50.392139 IP 192.168.1.2.138 > 192.168.1.255.138: NBT UDP PACKET(138)
22:02:54.139658 IP 192.168.1.2.1034 > 68.142.64.164.27014: UDP, length 53
22:02:57.866958 IP 125.175.131.58.3608 > 192.168.1.2.9501: S 3275472679:3275472679(0) win 65535

To display the quick output:

#tcpdump -q
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes

22:03:55.594839 IP a213-22-130-46.cpe.netcabo.pt.3546 > 192.168.1.2.9501: tcp 0
22:03:55.698827 IP 192.168.1.2.9501 > a213-22-130-46.cpe.netcabo.pt.3546: tcp 0
22:03:56.068088 IP a213-22-130-46.cpe.netcabo.pt.3546 > 192.168.1.2.9501: tcp 0
22:03:56.068096 IP 192.168.1.2.9501 > a213-22-130-46.cpe.netcabo.pt.3546: tcp 0
22:03:57.362863 IP 192.168.1.2.1034 > valve-68-142-64-164.phx3.llnw.net.27014: UDP, length 53
22:03:57.964397 IP valve-68-142-64-164.phx3.llnw.net.27014 > 192.168.1.2.1034: UDP, length 36
22:04:06.406521 IP 192.168.1.2.1034 > valve-68-142-64-164.phx3.llnw.net.27014: UDP, length 53
22:04:15.393757 IP 192.168.1.2.1034 > valve-68-142-64-164.phx3.llnw.net.27014: UDP, length 53

Capture the traffic of a particular interface:

tcpdump -i eth0
To capture the UDP traffic:

#tcpdump udp
To capture the TCP port 80 traffic:

#tcpdump port http
To capture the traffic from a filter stored in a file:

#tcpdump -F file_name
To create a file where the filter is configured (here the TCP 80 port)

#vim file_name
port 80
To stop the capture after 20 packets:

#tcpdump -c 20
To send the capture output in a file instead of directly on the screen:

#tcpdump -w capture.log
To read a capture file:

#tcpdump -r capture.log
reading from file capture.log, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet)

09:33:51.977522 IP 192.168.1.36.40332 > rr.knams.wikimedia.org.www: P 1548302662:1548303275(613) ack 148796145 win 16527
09:33:52.031729 IP rr.knams.wikimedia.org.www > 192.168.1.36.40332: . ack 613 win 86
09:33:52.034414 IP rr.knams.wikimedia.org.www > 192.168.1.36.40332: P 1:511(510) ack 613 win86
09:33:52.034786 IP 192.168.1.36.40332 > rr.knams.wikimedia.org.www: . ack 511 win 16527

The
captured data isn’t stored in plain text so you cannot read it with a
text editor, you have to use a special tool like TCPdump (see above) or
Wireshark (Formerly Ethereal) which provides a graphical interface.

The capture.log file is opened with Wireshark.

To display the packets having “www.openmaniak.com” as their source or destination address:

#tcpdump host www.openmaniak.com
To display the FTP packets coming from 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.2:

#tcpdump src 192.168.1.100 and dst 192.168.1.2 and port ftp
To display the packets content:

#tcpdump -A
Packets
capture during a FTP connection. The FTP password can be easily
intercepted because it is sent in clear text to the server.

tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on ath0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes
20:53:24.872785 IP ubuntu.local.40205 > 192.168.1.2.ftp: S 4155598838:4155598838(0) win 5840
….g………………..
…………
20:53:24.879473 IP ubuntu.local.40205 > 192.168.1.2.ftp: . ack 1228937421 win 183
….g.I@………….
……..
20:53:24.881654 IP ubuntu.local.40205 > 192.168.1.2.ftp: . ack 43 win 183
….g.I@…….8…..
……EN
20:53:26.402046 IP ubuntu.local.40205 > 192.168.1.2.ftp: P 0:10(10) ack 43 win 183
….g.I@……`$…..
…=..ENUSER teddybear

20:53:26.403802 IP ubuntu.local.40205 > 192.168.1.2.ftp: . ack 76 win 183
….h.I@………….
…>..E^
20:53:29.169036 IP ubuntu.local.40205 > 192.168.1.2.ftp: P 10:25(15) ack 76 win 183
….h.I@……#c…..
……E^PASS wakeup

20:53:29.171553 IP ubuntu.local.40205 > 192.168.1.2.ftp: . ack 96 win 183
….h.I@.,………..
……Ez
20:53:29.171649 IP ubuntu.local.40205 > 192.168.1.2.ftp: P 25:31(6) ack 96 win 183
….h.I@.,………..
……EzSYST

20:53:29.211607 IP ubuntu.local.40205 > 192.168.1.2.ftp: . ack 115 win 183
….h.I@.?…..j…..
……Ez
20:53:31.367619 IP ubuntu.local.40205 > 192.168.1.2.ftp: P 31:37(6) ack 115 win 183
….h.I@.?………..
……EzQUIT

20:53:31.369316 IP ubuntu.local.40205 > 192.168.1.2.ftp: . ack 155 win 183
….h.I@.g………..
……E.
20:53:31.369759 IP ubuntu.local.40205 > 192.168.1.2.ftp: F 37:37(0) ack 156 win 183
….h.I@.h…..e…..
……E.

We see in this capture the FTP username (teddybear) and password (wakeup).

route add default\gw 192.168.150.1
/etc/resolv.config set name server for DNS address
FIRST INSTALL IPCALC
catfoss11:~# ipcalc 192.168.150.13
Address: 192.168.150.13 11000000.10101000.10010110. 00001101
Netmask: 255.255.255.0 = 24 11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
Wildcard: 0.0.0.255 00000000.00000000.00000000. 11111111
=>
Network: 192.168.150.0/24 11000000.10101000.10010110. 00000000
HostMin: 192.168.150.1 11000000.10101000.10010110. 00000001
HostMax: 192.168.150.254 11000000.10101000.10010110. 11111110
Broadcast: 192.168.150.255 11000000.10101000.10010110. 11111111
Hosts/Net: 254 Class C, Private Internet

catfoss11:~# route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
192.168.150.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
default 192.168.150.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0

catfoss11:~# cat /etc/hostname
catfoss11
catfoss11:~# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.1.1 catfoss11

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
ff02::3 ip6-allhosts
catfoss11:~# vim /etc/hosts(for setting the ip address with names)
catfoss11:~# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
0
if it is set to 1,this make the s/m dump ruter(vim/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward )
catfoss11:~# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
catfoss11:~# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
1

NAT :-it is known as network address translation

pre routing—>routing——–>post routing

catfoss11:~# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

-A is used for append the nat.
it places centers address to routers address

catfoss11:~# iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

catfoss11:~# iptables -t nat -L
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
MASQUERADE all — anywhere anywhere

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

catfoss11:~# iptables -t mangle -L
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

iptables[-t table] command[pattern] action
there are 3 tables filter,nat,mangle
for adding a rule iptables[-t table] command -A chain [rule]
for deleting -D, iptables[-t table] command -D chain [rule] index
Deleting an entire chain iptables -t nat -F chain

for internet in the lan
we need DNS IP
is in same family then need a provider inthat we need an ip-forwording and masqurade

action
snat,masquride,DNAT,DEDIRECT
source nat,destination

iptables -t nat -A postrouting -p tcp -s 192.168.150.27

-s for source
-p for protocol
-A for postrouting packets coming from 192.168.150.27 after postrouting perform the action
packets going to 192.168.150.182 having the utp protocol after post routing
iptables
-t nat -A post routing -o etho -j masquride(if the packets are going
through the etho at the time of post routing masquride

ls *a* for finding starting files with a
inthe noteless press ctrl +s

all pkts coming from 192.1 going through eth0 do action while free routimg
iptables -t nat -A postrouting -o eth0

iptables -t nat -A postrouting -p!tcp -s!192.168.0.0/16

iptables -t nat -A postrouting -ptcp -s192.168.150.2 –sport 12345:12356 -d 123.123.123.123–dport 22
the packets coming from 192.168.150.2 is 12345 to 12356 port is goning to destination ip 123
port no.of http is 80

iptables -t nat cmnd pattern -j MASQUERADE: change center to out going n/w interface
-j masquerde used for changing the source port id
iptables -t nat cmnd pattern-jSNAT –to-source 123.123.123.123
change the address of the center to source 123.123.123.123
SNAT is static masquerede is dynamic
static is very fast
iptables
-t nat cmnd pattern -j DNAT –to-destination 123.123.123.123:22 change
recipient addr. to 123.123.123.123 and port to 22

DNAT is used for pre routing
iptables -t nat cmnd pattern-j redirect –to-port 8080

FOR CHANGING A BROWSER TO ANY S/M
catfoss11:~# iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -s 192.168.150.13 -j DNAT –to-destination 192.168.150.182
for changing in the correct mode means in the above step we done the changes the browser to to the destination ip
catfoss11:~# iptables -t nat -D OUTPUT -s 192.168.150.13 -j DNAT –to-destination 192.168.150.182

catfoss11:~# iptables -t nat -n -L
catfoss11:~# iptables -t nat -F

catfoss11:~# telnet 192.168.150.13 80
Trying 192.168.150.13…
Connected to 192.168.150.13.
Escape character is ‘^]’.
GET / HTTP

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 13 Jan 2010 12:49:30 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Debian)
Last-Modified: Wed, 13 Jan 2010 10:05:09 GMT
ETag: “1df1c-183-47d08e7cc9f40″
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 387
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html

WELCOME!

mea engg.college

CATFOSS

rakesh
vidya
linda
anu

wiki

Connection closed by foreign host.
for changing the
catfoss11:~# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp –dport 6000 -j REDIRECT –to-ports 80
catfoss11:~# iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p tcp –dport 6000 -j REDIRECT –to-ports 80
catfoss11:~# netstat
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)

python

>>> ord
>>> ord(“a”)
97
>>> ord(“n”)
110

server

>>> import socket

>>> ord

>>> s=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM)
>>> s.bind((“127.0.0.1″,9000 ))
>>> while True:
… s.recvfrom (10)
…
(‘catfoss’, (’127.0.0.1′, 57420))

(‘iam naveen’, (’127.0.0.1′, 57420))

client

>>> from socket import*
>>> c=socket (AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM)
>>> c

>>> k=”catfoss”
>>> c.sendto (k,(“127.0.0.1″,9000 ))
7
>>> k=”iam naveenbos”
>>> c.sendto (k,(“127.0.0.1″,9000 ))
13

catfoss11:~# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p UDP -s 192.168.150.27 –dport 6000 -j REDIRECT –to-ports 8000

FIRE WALL

drop: the packet will get but we can not take it
rejaect means the packet willnot take
shorewall
Shoreline Firewall, netfilter configurator – common files
Shorewall allows firewall/gateway requirements to be described using
entries in a set of configuration files. It reads those configuration
files and, with the help of the iptables utility, configures
netfilter to match these requirements.

Shorewall supports a wide range of router/firewall/gateway applications,
traffic shaping and almost every type of VPN.

This package contains files needed by both the Perl-based and
shell-based compilers.

filter:
This is the default table (if no -t option is passed). It
contains the built-in chains INPUT (for packets destined to
local sockets), FORWARD (for packets being routed through
the box), and OUTPUT (for locally-generated packets).

nat:
This table is consulted when a packet that creates a new
connection is encountered. It consists of three built-ins:
PREROUTING (for altering packets as soon as they come in),
OUTPUT (for altering locally-generated packets before rout‐
ing), and POSTROUTING (for altering packets as they are
about to go out).
mangle:
This table is used for specialized packet alteration. Until
kernel 2.4.17 it had two built-in chains: PREROUTING (for
altering incoming packets before routing) and OUTPUT (for
altering locally-generated packets before routing). Since
kernel 2.4.18, three other built-in chains are also sup‐
ported: INPUT (for packets coming into the box itself), FOR‐
WARD (for altering packets being routed through the box),
and POSTROUTING (for altering packets as they are about to
go out).
raw:
This table is used mainly for configuring exemptions from
connection tracking in combination with the NOTRACK target.
It registers at the netfilter hooks with higher priority and
is thus called before ip_conntrack, or any other IP tables.
It provides the following built-in chains: PREROUTING (for
packets arriving via any network interface) OUTPUT (for
packets generated by local processes)

ufw(uniqe fire wall)

ufw status (enable or disable)
ufw enable (for enabling the fire wall)
iptables -X –delete chain
gufw: graphical version means the editor(vim)

catfoss11:~# iptables -N na
catfoss11:~# iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain na (0 references)
target prot opt source destination
catfoss11:~# vim b
catfoss11:~# iptables-save
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.2 on Thu Jan 14 13:09:49 2010
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [301:56519]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [9:523]
:na – [0:0]
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Jan 14 13:09:49 2010
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.2 on Thu Jan 14 13:09:49 2010
*nat
REROUTING ACCEPT [157:33864]
OSTROUTING ACCEPT [8:467]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [8:467]
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Jan 14 13:09:49 2010
catfoss11:~# iptables-save >b
catfoss11:~# vim b
catfoss11:~# iptables -X
catfoss11:~# iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
catfoss11:~# iptables-restore a
Can’t open a: No such file or directory
catfoss11:~# iptables-restore b
catfoss11:~# iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain na (0 references)
target prot opt source destination

filter

input ,(for go to firewall)
output (signals from fire wall),
forward(inside the firewall sym)filters packets protected from firewall

catfoss11:~# iptables -A INPUT -m conntrack –ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

-j ACCEPT ( is a rule)
-A INPUT (is achain)
state :4 states
ctstate(conntrack)
1.NEW
2.RELATED (connection is new but is related to udp)
3.established allredy established
4.invalid connection

related established —allow
-m
conntrack is a switch it is used for enabling the –ctstste,it allows
filter matching based on connection state of the packet

for secure shell connection enabling
catfoss11:~# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport ssh -j ACCEPT

ssh,telnet ,http had default ports
enabling
catfoss11:~# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 80 -j ACCEPT
catfoss11:~# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport www -j ACCEPT

catfoss11:~# iptables -A INPUT -j DROP
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT all — anywhere anywhere ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT tcp — anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh
ACCEPT tcp — anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:www
ACCEPT tcp — anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:www
DROP all — anywhere anywhere

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

ACDEPT is highest priority than the DROP

catfoss11:~# iptables -I INPUT 1 -i lo -j ACCEPT
catfoss11:~# iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT all — anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all — anywhere anywhere ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT tcp — anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh
ACCEPT tcp — anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:www
ACCEPT tcp — anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:www
DROP all — anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all — anywhere anywhere

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
catfoss11:~# ping 127.0.0.1
PING 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.073 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.066 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.070 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.069 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.070 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.071 ms

catfoss11:~# iptables -L -v
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 341 packets, 67411 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
16 1340 ACCEPT all — lo any anywhere anywhere
10 744 ACCEPT all — any any anywhere anywhere ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
0 0 ACCEPT tcp — any any anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh
0 0 ACCEPT tcp — any any anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:www
0 0 ACCEPT tcp — any any anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:www
139 27107 DROP all — any any anywhere anywhere
0 0 ACCEPT all — 127.0.0.1 any anywhere anywhere

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 104 packets, 8035 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

-j
accept
reject(return packets to sender)
drop
log(store the inform.about packet)
for accepting server is not possible because need server root pwd
catfoss11:~# ssh 192.168.150.182
The authenticity of host ’192.168.150.182 (192.168.150.182)’ can’t be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 0e:c8:8d:59:fd:45:f8:6b:15:39:ab:d3:75:c0:78:3a.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added ’192.168.150.182′ (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.150.182′s password:

catfoss11:/etc/network# cat interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.150.13
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.150.1

auto eth0

chandni@catfoss11:~$ str=”naveen”
chandni@catfoss11:~$ zenity –info –text=$str

16/07/07
I learned today how to block a website using iptables command. You just have to type the following

iptables -I INPUT -s -d 0/0 -j DROP

I blocked orkut by using

iptables -I INPUT -s www.orkut.com -d 0/0 -j DROP

It
is recommended to use IP addresses instead of hostname. But I used
hostname, so that my roommates have no difficulty in deleting the rule.

To know all the possible IP addresses of a website, use

host

Most
of the times it’ll give more than one addresses, so you have to define
a rule for every IP address using the same syntax and it is highly
recommended to use IP addresses than the hostname.
To delete the rule, the syntax is same. You have to only replace I with D

iptables -D INPUT -s -d 0/0 -j DROP

In my case I used

iptables -D INPUT -s www.orkut.com -d 0/0 -j DROP

I
also edited my /etc/rc.d/rc.local file so that this rule will
automatically load during boot time. I also edited one entry there. I
deleted the line

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

This
line was for enabling my computer to forward the ip packets from other
computer to internet using my computer as gateway. So instead of
setting the value of ip_forward by echo command, I edited the Linux
kernel config file: /etc/sysctl.conf
and set the following value

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

I searched a lot for iptables. There were many useful sites. The one that helped me most is

http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/

iptables -A OUTPUT -d www.orkut.com -j DROP
catfoss:~# iptables -A FORWARD -s orkut.com -o eth0 -j REJECT(in server)

for using server from client

catfoss11:~# ssh server@192.168.150.2
server@192.168.150.2′s password:
Permission denied, please try again.
server@192.168.150.2′s password:
Linux catfoss 2.6.26-2-xen-686 #1 SMP Sun Jun 21 09:15:17 UTC 2009 i686

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
You have mail.
server@catfoss:~$ su -
Password:
catfoss:~# iptables -I INPUT -s www.orkut.com -j DROP
catfoss:~# www-browser orkut.com

Printer configuration

http://www.linuxprinting.org/~till/printing-tutorial/tut.html#1_1_1

http://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?t=10438

xen

http://wiki.debian.org/Xen#Installationonlenny

xen-list-images(for testing images in the server)

xen-create-image

http://wiki.xensource.com/xenwiki/XenNetworking

catfoss11:~# less /etc/init.d/cups

http://www.debianhelp.co.uk/dhcp.htm

http://tldp.org/HOWTO/DHCP/index.html

django application

naveenbos — Fri, 30 Apr 2010 05:35:21 +0000

root@catfoss-desktop:/# home/catfoss/django-trunk/django/bin/django-admin.py startproject secproj
catfoss@catfoss-desktop:/secproj$ python manage.py startapp web

then create data base in mysql

edit settings .py
mysql> create user ‘djangosec’@'localhost’ identified by’123′;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss/firstproject# mysql -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 755
Server version: 5.1.37-1ubuntu5.1 (Ubuntu)

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> grant all on*.*to ‘djangosec’@'localhost’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss/firstproject# mysql -u djangosec -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 756
Server version: 5.1.37-1ubuntu5.1 (Ubuntu)

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database secweb;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

in settings.py we put like these
DATABASES = {
    ‘default’: {
        ‘ENGINE’: ‘django.db.backends.mysql’, # Add ‘postgresql_psycopg2′, ‘postgresql’, ‘mysql’, ‘sqlite3′ or ‘oracle’.
        ‘NAME’: ‘secweb’,                      # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
        ‘USER’: ‘djangosec’,                      # Not used with sqlite3.
        ‘PASSWORD’: ’123′,                  # Not used with sqlite3.
        ‘HOST’: ”,                      # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
        ‘PORT’: ”,                      # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.
    }
}

give path where the folder we created
TEMPLATE_DIRS = (‘/secproj/’
    # Put strings here, like “/home/html/django_templates” or “C:/www/django/templates”.
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don’t forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
)

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    ‘django.contrib.auth’,
    ‘django.contrib.contenttypes’,
    ‘django.contrib.sessions’,
    ‘django.contrib.sites’,
    ‘django.contrib.messages’,
    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    ‘django.contrib.admin’,
    ‘secproj.web’
)

then create templates directory
mkdir templates

————————————————————————

go to secproj folder and edit urls.py

————————————————————————-

from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
from django.contrib import admin
admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns(”,
# Example:
(r’^secproj/’, include(‘secproj.web.urls’)),

    # Uncomment the admin/doc line below and add ‘django.contrib.admindocs’
    # to INSTALLED_APPS to enable admin documentation:
    # (r’^admin/doc/’, include(‘django.contrib.admindocs.urls’)),

# Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
(r’^admin/’, include(admin.site.urls)),
)

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:/secproj$ cd templates
catfoss@catfoss-desktop:/secproj/templates$ mkdir web
catfoss@catfoss-desktop:/secproj/templates$ touch base.html
catfoss@catfoss-desktop:/secproj/templates$ cd ..
catfoss@catfoss-desktop:/secproj/web$ touch admin.py
catfoss@catfoss-desktop:/secproj/web$ touch urls.py

—————————
secproj/web urls.py
——————————–

from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

urlpatterns = patterns(‘secproj.web.views’,

url(r’^student/$’, ‘syudent’, name=’student’),
)

———————————-
secproj/web /models.py

———————————-

from django.db import models
from django.utils.translation import gettext as _

class Student(models.Model):
    fname = models.CharField(_(“First Name”),max_length=30,unique=True)
    lname = models.CharField(_(“Last Name”),max_length=30,blank=True,null=True)
    age = models.IntegerField(_(“Age”))
    address = models.CharField(_(“Address”),max_length=200,blank=True,null=True)
    GENDER_CHOICES = (
        (‘M’, ‘Male’),
        (‘F’, ‘Female’),
     )
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=GENDER_CHOICES)
    email = models.EmailField()
    mark = models.IntegerField(_(“Mark”))

# Create your models here.
def __unicode__(self):
return _(u”%(fname)s %(lname)s %(age)s %(address)s %(mark)s”) %{ ‘fname’ :self.fname,’lname’ : self.lname, ‘age’ : self.age,’address’ : self.address, ‘mark’ : self.mark }

——————————
secproj/web /views.py
—————————–

# Create your views here.
from secproj.web.models import *
from django.http import HttpResponse, Http404,HttpResponseRedirect
from django.http import HttpResponseNotFound
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, get_object_or_404
from django.template import Context,loader,RequestContext

def student(request):
    “”"a view to show all persons”"”
    student=Student.objects.all()
    return render_to_response(‘web/student.html’,
            context_instance=RequestContext(request,{‘student’: student}))

django notes

naveenbos — Fri, 30 Apr 2010 05:25:33 +0000

webserver:-

apache,nginx,cheroker,lighthttpd

Virtual hosting

one web server had many domain names,by virtualhosting,

ssh,scp

version control,

we need

subversion,mercurial,git,bazaar

setting up email

bug/issue tracker

ssh

http://bitbucket.org

change -test,

save,

commit,

push -repos-update,pull,remote

linux version control is git

hg push

hg commit -m ‘added hello Kochi’

hg pull

centrslized version control :- have centralized repostory

pbm:-no internet connection,commit rights

distributed version controll:-mercurial,git

create an account in bit bucket.com,naveenbos,pswd catfoss

touch index.html

write code

hg init create repos.

Then the bitbucket

name catfoss

home page of catfoss

hg add index.html

hg status

then we push it into site

hg commit -m ‘added index.html’

hg push http://bitbucket.org/root/catfoss

mkdir catfosstemp

hg clone http://bitbucket.org/root/catfoss

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~$ mk dir catfoss

mk: command not found

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~$ mkdir catfoss

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~$ cd catfoss/

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/catfoss$ hg clone http://bitbucket.org/lawgon /catfossabort: ‘http://bitbucket.org/lawgon’ does not appear to be an hg repository!

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/catfoss$ hg clone http://bitbucket.org/lawgon/catfossdestination directory: catfoss

requesting all changes

adding changesets

adding manifests

adding file changes

added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files

updating working directory

1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/catfoss$ ls

catfoss

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/catfoss$ cd catfoss/

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/catfoss/catfoss$ ls

index.html

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/catfoss/catfoss$ ls

index.html naveen.html

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/catfoss/catfoss$ hg add naveen.html

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/catfoss/catfoss$ hg status

A naveen.html

? index.html~

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/catfoss/catfoss$ hg push -f

pushing to http://bitbucket.org/lawgon/catfoss

searching for changes

http authorization required

realm: Bitbucket.org HTTP

user: naveenbos

password:

adding changesets

adding manifests

adding file changes

added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files (+1 heads)

bb/acl: naveenbos is allowed. accepted payload.

quota: 4.9 MB in use, 1.0 GB available (0.48% used)

rm -rf catfoss for removing directory

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/catfoss$ hg merge 48

1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved

(branch merge, don’t forget to commit)

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/catfoss$ hg commit -m ‘merge 48′ -u naveenbos

dns

http://www.everydns.com/

/etc/nginx

ngnix.conf

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~$ cd /etc/nginx/

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:/etc/nginx$ ls

conf.d fastcgi_params koi-utf koi-win mime.types nginx.conf sites-available sites-enabled win-utf

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:/etc/nginx$ cd sites-available/

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:/etc/nginx/sites-available$ ls

default

ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/catfoss /etc/nginx/foss

then

/etc/init.d/nginx restart

20/4/2010

1.choose a name :like — mysite.catfoss

2.point DNS to your server 127.0.0.1

3.Add virtual host to webserver

4.make the site

vim/etc/init.d/hosts in this file add naveen.web

that name is our localhost then take the browser and give http://naveen.web

]root@catfoss-desktop:/# rm /etc/apache2/sites-available/default

root@catfoss-desktop:/# ls /etc/apache2/sites-available/default

ls: cannot access /etc/apache2/sites-available/default: No such file or directory

root@catfoss-desktop:/# ls /etc/apache2/sites-available/

default-ssl

root@catfoss-desktop:/# rm /etc/apache2/sites-available/

rm: cannot remove `/etc/apache2/sites-available/’: Is a directory

root@catfoss-desktop:/# rm /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl

root@catfoss-desktop:/# ln -s /etc/apache2/sites-available/naveen.web /etc/ap

apache2/ apm/ apparmor/ apparmor.d/ apport/ apt/

root@catfoss-desktop:/# ln -s /etc/apache2/sites-available/naveen.web /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/naveen.web

root@catfoss-desktop:/# vim /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/

000-default naveen.web

root@catfoss-desktop:/# vim /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/naveen.web

root@catfoss-desktop:/# rm /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default

root@catfoss-desktop:/# ln -s /etc/apache2/sites-available/naveen.web /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/naveen.web

ln: creating symbolic link `/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/naveen.web’: File exists

root@catfoss-desktop:/# /etc/apache2/restrat

bash: /etc/apache2/restrat: No such file or directory

root@catfoss-desktop:/# /etc/init.d/apache2 restrt

* Usage: /etc/init.d/apache2 {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|start-htcacheclean|stop-htcacheclean|status}

root@catfoss-desktop:/# /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

* Restarting web server apache2 apache2: Could not reliably determine the server’s fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName

[Tue Apr 20 10:25:18 2010] [warn] NameVirtualHost *:80 has no VirtualHosts

… waiting apache2: Could not reliably determine the server’s fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName

[Tue Apr 20 10:25:19 2010] [warn] NameVirtualHost *:80 has no VirtualHosts

[ OK ]

/etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost

127.0.0.1 naveen.web

127.0.0.1 bos

127.0.1.1 catfoss-desktop

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts

::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback

fe00::0 ip6-localnet

ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix

ff02::1 ip6-allnodes

ff02::2 ip6-allrouters

ff02::3 ip6-allhosts

root@catfoss-desktop:/# vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/cv

server {

listen 80;

server_name bos;

location / {

root /home/catfoss/;

}

root@catfoss-desktop:/# ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/cv /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/cv

root@catfoss-desktop:/# /etc/init.d/nginx restart

http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/10108

http://www.amk.ca/python/howto/regex/regex.html#SECTIONooo7200000000000000000

http://workaround.org/ispmail/lenny

>>> import urllib

>>> import re

>>> pat = re.compile(r’html’)

>>> st = urllib.urlopen(‘http://au-kbc.in’)

>>> m = pat.findall(st.read())

>>> len(m)

import urllib

import math

page=urllib.urlopen(‘http://google.com/’).read()

print page.count(“html”)

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~$ python test.py

http://workaround.org/ispmail/lenny/configure-dovecot

templates

models

urls

views

database

21/4/2010

django

http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.1/topics/install/#installing-development-version

for installing django we use this command

svn co http://code.djangoproject.com/svn/django/trunk/ django-trunk

root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss# ln -s /home/catfoss/django-trunk/django/ /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/

root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss# /home/catfoss/django-trunk/django/bin/django-admin.py startproject firstproject

startproject project name

root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss# cd firstproject/

root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss/firstproject# ls

__init__.py manage.py settings.py urls.py

root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss/firstproject# python manage.py startapp web

You have new mail in /var/mail/root

root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss/firstproject# ls

__init__.py __init__.pyc manage.py settings.py settings.pyc urls.py web

root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss/firstproject# cd web/

root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss/firstproject/web# ls

__init__.py models.py tests.py views.py

root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss/firstproject/web# ls

__init__.py models.py tests.py views.py

root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss/firstproject# ls

__init__.py __init__.pyc manage.py settings.py settings.pyc urls.py web

root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss/firstproject# gedit settings.py

inthe stting .py

weuse the python so we need mysqldb

>>> import MySQLdb

in postgers sql it is psycopgz

inthe urls.py file edit it like this

from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:

from django.contrib import admin

admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns(”,

# Example:

(r’^firstproject/’, include(‘firstproject.web.urls’)),

# Uncomment the admin/doc line below and add ‘django.contrib.admindocs’

# to INSTALLED_APPS to enable admin documentation:

# (r’^admin/doc/’, include(‘django.contrib.admindocs.urls’)),

# Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:

(r’^admin/’, include(admin.site.urls)),

)

type it like this we get like this

create folder templates

root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss/firstproject# python manage.py runserver

Validating models…

0 errors found

Django version 1.2 beta 1 SVN-13009, using settings ‘firstproject.settings’

Development server is running at http://127.0.0.1:8000/

Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

[21/Apr/2010 00:57:12] “GET / HTTP/1.1″ 500 58339

[21/Apr/2010 00:58:19] “GET / HTTP/1.1″ 404 1959

root@catfoss-desktop:/home/catfoss/firstproject# python manage.py syncdb

Creating table django_session

Creating table django_admin_log

Creating table django_site

Creating table auth_permission

Creating table auth_group_permissions

Creating table auth_group

Creating table auth_user_user_permissions

Creating table auth_user_groups

Creating table auth_user

Creating table auth_message

Creating table django_content_type

You just installed Django’s auth system, which means you don’t have any superusers defined.

Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes

Username (Leave blank to use ‘root’):

E-mail address: naveen.bos@gmail.com

Password:

Password (again):

Superuser created successfully.

Installing index for admin.LogEntry model

Installing index for auth.Permission model

Installing index for auth.Group_permissions model

Installing index for auth.User_user_permissions model

Installing index for auth.User_groups model

Installing index for auth.Message model

No fixtures found.

You have new mail in /var/mail/root

where touch admin.py

im the admin.py

from django.contrib import admin

from firstproject.web.models import *

admin.site.register(Person)

inthe web folder we create models.py

from django.db import models

from django.utils.translation import gettext as _

# Create your models here.

class Person(models.Model):

fname = models.CharField(_(“First Name”),max_length=30,unique=True)

lname = models.CharField(_(“Last Name”),max_length=30,blank=True)

age = models.IntegerField(_(“Age”))

def __unicode__(self):

return _(u”%(fname)s %(lname)s %(age)s”) %{ ‘fname’ :self.fname,’lname’ : self.lname, ‘age’ : self.age}

http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/models/fields/

views.py

# Create your views here.

from firstproject.web.models import *

from django.http import HttpResponse, Http404,HttpResponseRedirect

from django.http import HttpResponseNotFound

from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, get_object_or_404

from django.template import Context,loader,RequestContext

def persons(request):

“”"a view to show all persons”"”

persons=Person.objects.all()

return render_to_response(‘web/persons.html’,

context_instance=RequestContext(request,{‘persons’: persons}))

admin.py

from django.db import models

from django.utils.translation import gettext as _

# Create your models here.

class Person(models.Model):

fname = models.CharField(_(“First Name”),max_length=30,unique=True)

lname = models.CharField(_(“Last Name”),max_length=30,blank=True,null=True)

age = models.IntegerField(_(“Age”))

def __unicode__(self):

return _(u”%(fname)s %(lname)s %(age)s”) %{ ‘fname’ :self.fname,’lname’ : self.lname, ‘age’ : self.age}

class Address(models.Model):

address = models.CharField(_(“Address”),max_length=200,blank=True,null=True)

phno = models.CharField(_(“Phno”),max_length=15,blank=True,null=True)

def __unicode__(self):

return _(u”%(address)s %(phno)s “) %{ ‘address’ : self.address, ‘phno’ : self.phno, }

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject$ mkdir templates

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject$ touch base.html

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject$ cd templates/

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/templates$ touch base.html

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/templates$ mkdir web

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/templates$ cd web/

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/templates/web$ touch persons.html

base.html

Welcome to person

{% block centercontent %}

{% endblock %}

This is a test site for django

persons.html

{% extends ‘base.html’ %}

{% block centercontent %}

{% for person in persons %}

{{ person.fname }}

{% endfor %}

{% endblock %}

views.py

# Create your views here.

from firstproject.web.models import *

from django.http import HttpResponse, Http404,HttpResponseRedirect

from django.http import HttpResponseNotFound

from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, get_object_or_404

from django.template import Context,loader,RequestContext

def persons(request):

“”"a view to show all persons”"”

persons=Person.objects.all()

return render_to_response(‘web/persons.html’,

context_instance=RequestContext(request,{‘persons’: persons}))

install mod-wsgi

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~$ mkdir media

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~$ cd media/

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/media$ mkdir image

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/media$ cd ..

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~$ chown -R www-data:www-data media/

chown: changing ownership of `media/image’: Operation not permitted

chown: changing ownership of `media/’: Operation not permitted

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~$ sudo chown -R www-data:www-data media/

[sudo] password for catfoss:

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~$ ls -a /media/

. .. cdrom cdrom0

day-5
—————

django returns

working over firstproj:

at setting.py:

MEDIA_ROOT = ‘/home/mur/media’
MEDIA_URL = ‘http://firstproj.web/sitemedia/’

insert at models.py:

class Picture(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(_(” Name”),max_length=30,unique=True)
photo = models.ImageField(_(“Photo”),upload_to=’images/’,blank=True,null=True)

def __unicode__(self):
return _(u”%(name)s”) %{‘name’: self.name}

insert at admin.py:

admin.site.register(Picture)

insert at view.py:

def pictures(request):
“”"a view to show all pictures”"”
pictures=Picture.objects.all()
return render_to_response(‘web/pictures.html’,
context_instance=RequestContext(request,{‘pictures’: pictures}))

insert at urls.py

url(r’^pictures/$’, ‘pictures’, name=’pictures’),

create a new file at templetes/web/ named pictures.html

{% extends ‘base.html’ %}
{% block centercontent %}

{{ picture.name }}

{% endblock %}

create a file in the catfoss fistproject,apache django.wsgi

import os, sys

sys.path.append(‘/home/catfoss/’)

os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULES'] = ‘firstproject.settings’

import django.core.handlers.wsgi

application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

root@catfoss-desktop:/var/log/apache2# tail -f access.log

edit the settings.py in media url like these

MEDIA_URL = ‘http://naveen.web/smedia/’

# URL prefix for admin media — CSS, JavaScript and images. Make sure to use a

# trailing slash.

# Examples: “http://foo.com/media/”, “/media/”.

ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX = ‘/media/’

http://dpaste.com

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject$ hg init

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject$ hg add urls.py

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject$ hg add models.py

models.py: No such file or directory

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject$ hg add web/models.py

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject$ cd web/

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/web$ hg add admin.py

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/web$ hg add views.py

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/web$ hg add tests.py

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/web$ hg add __init__.py

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/web$ cd ..

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject$ cd templates/

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/templates$ cd web/

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/templates/web$ hg add person

person.html person.html~ persons.html persons.html~

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/templates/web$ hg add person.html

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/templates/web$ hg add persons.html

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/templates/web$ cd ..

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/templates$ cd web/

catfoss@catfoss-desktop:~/firstproject/templates/web$ hg add pictures.html

for finding the encrypted password

perl -MMIME::Base64 -e \
‘print encode_base64(“john\@example.comjohn\@example.compassword”)’;

ubuntu repostories changes

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu#CD-ROM/DVD

Hello world!

naveenbos — Wed, 18 Nov 2009 09:46:59 +0000

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